Special wire and cable are a series of products with unique performance and special structure, equivalent to a large quantity and wide range of ordinary wire and cable. They have the characteristics of high technical content, strict usage conditions, small batch size, and high added value. Often, new materials, structures, processes, and design calculations are used. These types of wires and cables can be roughly divided into the following four categories:
1、 High temperature resistant wires and cables
High temperature resistant wires and cables are required in fields such as aerospace, rolling stock, energy, steel, non-ferrous metal smelting, oil extraction, and electrical machinery. High temperature resistant wires and cables with long-term continuous working temperatures of 125 ° C, 135 ° C, 150 ° C, 180 ° C, 200 ° C, 250 ° C, and above are commonly used, including irradiated cross-linked polyolefin, silicone rubber, fluororesin, polyimide, mica, magnesium oxide, and other wires and cables. Now introduce; Two new types of high-temperature resistant wires and cables.
1. Polyether sulfone (PES) insulated wires
It has outstanding advantages such as excellent heat resistance, physical and mechanical properties, electrical insulation performance, extrusion formability, especially the ability to maintain stable performance even in environments with rapid temperature changes and continuous use at high temperatures. The thermal deformation temperature is between 200 and 220 degrees, the continuous use temperature is between 180 and 200 degrees, and the UL temperature index is 180 degrees; Can withstand hot water or steam at temperatures ranging from 150 to 160 degrees Celsius, and is not susceptible to acid or alkali attack at high temperatures; The elastic modulus remains almost constant at -100-200 degrees, especially better than any thermoplastic resin above 100 degrees; The coefficient of linear expansion is small, and its temperature dependence is also small; It is non-toxic, recognized by the US FDA, and also meets the requirements of Japan's Ministry of Health Announcement No. 434 and 178; It has self extinguishing properties and excellent flame retardancy without adding any flame retardants, reaching UL94V-0 level (0.46mm).
2. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) insulated wires
Polyether ether ketone is a super heat-resistant thermoplastic resin. The long-term continuous use temperature is 250 degrees, and the UL temperature index is 250 degrees.
PEEK is a flexible resin with good creep resistance. And it has self-extinguishing properties, and can meet the requirements of UL94V-1 (thickness of 0.3mm), 94V-0 (thickness of 1.5mm), and 94V-5 (thickness of 3.2mm) without adding any flame retardant.
2、 Wire and cable with special purpose and structure
1. Low inductance cable
There is a distinction between strong and weak electricity, and here we introduce a low inductance cable for strong electricity. This cable is equipped with a heat dissipation device, which is a new type of water-cooled low inductance cable used for connecting various contact welding machines, arc welding machines, and pneumatic welding tongs. It has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, high cooling water flow flux, no blockage, blockage, and current limiting phenomenon, good heat dissipation effect, and long service life.
This new type of low sensitivity cable also includes connectors fixed on the cable and cable ends, and the cable is also composed of positive and negative cable cores installed in an outer rubber tube. Due to the fact that this type of low sensitivity cable is generally used in situations with a voltage of 25-50V and a current between 7000-12000A, the short-circuit conductivity phenomenon of cooling water in the cable is basically negligible. Therefore, there is no rubber hose used to isolate the positive and negative cable cores in this low sensitivity cable, but a core frame with a spoke shaped cross-section (commonly known as a "plum blossom core") is specially set up, The space enclosed between its "wheel center" and adjacent "spokes" forms a longitudinal groove along the axis direction. The longitudinal groove on the core frame is the same as the total number of positive cable cores configured for the cable. The cable part is composed of positive and negative cable cores placed in the longitudinal groove of the core frame and installed in the outer rubber tube. The two ends of the positive and negative cable cores are assembled into bundles and fixed in the cable core clamp, and then fixed on the joint. The end of the outer rubber tube of the cable is wrapped at the tail end of the joint and sealed with a tightening clamp wrapped outside the outer rubber tube.
2. Low noise cable
Cables that generate pulse signals of less than 5mV due to external factors such as bending, vibration, impact, and temperature changes are called low noise cables, also known as shockproof instrument cables. Used for measuring small signals in multiple fields such as industry, medicine, and national defense. There are various types and specifications of cables available, including polyethylene insulated low noise cables, F46 insulated low noise cables, radiation resistant low noise cables, low capacitance low noise cables, hydrophone cables, and watertight low noise cables.
The reasons for noise in cables include: 1) internal molecular friction of the medium itself; 2) Changes in cable capacitance; 3) The piezoelectric effect of cable media; 4) The friction between the conductor and the medium in a cable generates electric charges, that is, the separation of charges when the contact between the conductor and the insulation is broken.
Low noise cables with a thin semi conductive layer (thickness 0.20-0.30mm) extruded onto the surface of polyethylene insulation have rapidly developed, with a noise value of 2-3mV. For low noise cables operating at 400 degrees Celsius, high-temperature resistant semi conductive fiber wrapping can be used to solve the problem, with a noise level of up to 5mV.
3、 Functionalized wires and cables
1. Fluorinated resin self-control stable 135 degree heating cable
135 degree automatic temperature control cable composed of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/fluororubber alloy/carbon black multi-component composite. Its thermal range varies, exhibiting varying degrees of PTC conductivity and conductivity stability. This is due to the influence of different cooling rates on the degree and morphology of matrix crystallization and insulation.
2. Electroluminescent wires
Electroluminescent wires are the latest product in the international field of luminescent displays, similar in appearance to ordinary wires and cables. The surface layer is made of colored fluorescent plastic sleeves, which continuously emit light without any thermal radiation during operation. The power consumption is only 50-60 times that of LED lights, 20-30 times that of string lights, and 1-5 times that of neon lights; This type of product is widely used, creating a new era of energy-saving, environmental protection, and healthy display lighting, with the following characteristics:
1) The light emitted is delicate and soft, with bright colors and a strong sense of three-dimensional and perspective, making it suitable for visual inspection at night.
2) Energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety; This product has low power consumption and a wide range of applicable voltages. This product will not cause any environmental pollution during use or disposal, and will not pose any danger to human health.
3) Soft, foldable and flexible, allowing for easy knotting, cutting, and splicing without affecting luminous performance. It is convenient and fast to use, and installation does not require professional guidance.
4) It is a continuous light emitting device that can be controlled and matched with various dynamic multi-color flickers based on the phone.
5) It can be directly fixed to the surface of decorative objects using transparent tape, glue, pins, wire nails, etc.
The application fields of this type of wire include:
1) Indoor advertisements and text patterns; Shop windows, doors, furniture, walls, roofs, etc.
2) Decoration of vehicles, ships, and other tools; Instrument indication and digital display.
3) Safety signs and instructions; Stairs, passages, door signs, exits, and temporary outdoor hazardous areas.
4) Toys, arts and crafts, sports goods, clothing, electrical appliances, decoration, military equipment, etc.
4、 New green insulated and environmentally friendly wires and cables
1. CMP cable
The cable that can pass the UL highest flame retardant level standard is a CMP cable. Three companies, Du Bang, Lang Xun, and BICC, jointly conducted extensive combustion tests on wires and cables and found that squeezing a thin layer of FEP (i.e. F46) protective layer on the outside of ordinary cables can meet this requirement.
Generally speaking, low smoke and halogen-free substrates are polyolefins, which have high fuel heat and are highly flammable. Therefore, they need to be mixed with metal hydrate fillers to suppress their flammability. However, after the hydration water is depleted, it will cause fierce combustion. The natural heat of FEP is very small, and it does not burn when exposed to fire.
2. Wulu New Green and Environmental Protection Wire and Cable
List of environmentally friendly cable varieties
Category cable code Existing cable (reference)
High voltage power cable 6600VEM-CE 6600VCV
High voltage power cable 6600VEM-CET 6600VCVT
Low voltage power cable 600VEM-CE 600VCV
Low voltage power cable 600VEM-CET 600VCVT
Low voltage parallel cable 600VEM-EEF 600VVVF
Control measurement cable EM-CEE CVV
Control measurement cable CEE-S CVV-S
Insulated wire EM-IE HIV IV
Fire resistant cable (FP) * FT-8-C FY-8-C
Fire resistant wire (HP) NH-FT-3 FT-3
With branch cable * * EM-BH BH
Note: * Fire resistant cables are cables of the original environmentally friendly material model;
**EM-BH not only uses polyolefin for the cable itself, but also for the branch material.